The SQL Command Set

There are 16 total commands in SQL grouped under various headings

Data SELECT Language used for extracting and displaying of Data from the database.

SELECT

DML ( Data Manipulation Language ) : To manipulate the data elements that are inside the database table.

INSERT
UPDATE
DELETE
MERGE

DDL ( Data Definition Language ) : Related to the data structure of the database tables and not the actual data that resides into them. 

CREATE
ALTER
DROP
RENAME
TRUNCATE
COMMENT

DCL ( Data Control Language ) : Related to the Database Security.

GRANT
REVOKE

TCL ( Transaction Control Language ) : To control the behavior of a block of DMLs written as a transaction. 

COMMIT
ROLLBACK
SAVEPOINT

Note:
1. There are many a things that are coming up to my mind, definitely would discuss them but may be in some other posts.
2. Many authors put SELECT statements in DML, but SELECT does not manipulate anything.
3. Many of us often get confused with the grouping of TRUNCATE and DELETE statements. But strictly DELETE is a DML and TRUNCATE is a DDL. I would surely come back to this topic when I shall write about the two.